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| leghisturl = http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d101:SN03266:@@@R | introducedin = Senate | introducedbill = | introducedby = Joseph R. Biden Jr. (D-DE) | introduceddate = October 27, 1990 | committees = | passedbody1 = Senate | passeddate1 = October 27, 1990 | passedvote1 = passed voice vote | passedbody2 = House | passedas2 = | passeddate2 = October 27, 1990 | passedvote2 = 313-1, | conferencedate = | passedbody3 = | passeddate3 = | passedvote3 = | agreedbody3 = | agreeddate3 = | agreedvote3 = | agreedbody4 = | agreeddate4 = | agreedvote4 = | passedbody4 = | passeddate4 = | passedvote4 = | signedpresident = George H.W. Bush | signeddate = November 29, 1990 | unsignedpresident = | unsigneddate = | vetoedpresident = | vetoeddate = | overriddenbody1 = | overriddendate1 = | overriddenvote1 = | overriddenbody2 = | overriddendate2 = | overriddenvote2 = | amendments = | SCOTUS cases = }} The Gun-Free School Zones Act (GFSZA) is a federal United States law that prohibits any unauthorized individual from knowingly possessing a firearm at a place that the individual knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, is a school zone as defined by . Such a firearm has to move in or affect interstate or foreign commerce for the ban to be effective. It was introduced in the U.S. Senate in October 1990 by Joseph R. Biden and signed into law in November 1990 by George H. W. Bush. ==History== The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 was originally passed as section 1702 of the Crime Control Act of 1990. It added ; itself was added by the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. The Supreme Court of the United States subsequently held that the Act was an unconstitutional exercise of Congressional authority under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution in ''United States v. Lopez'', 514 U.S. 549 (1995). This was the first time in over half a century that the Supreme Court limited Congressional authority to legislate under the Commerce Clause. Following the ''Lopez'' decision, U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno proposed changes to that were adopted in section 657 of the Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act of 1997, . These changes required that the firearm in question "has moved in or otherwise affects interstate commerce."〔(Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation to Amend the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 ), The American Presidency Project〕 As nearly all firearms have moved in interstate commerce at some point in their existence, critics assert this was merely a legislative tactic to circumvent the Supreme Court's ruling.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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